The Chicago Bears, one of the last two remaining charter members of the National Football League (NFL), have won nine NFL Championships, including the 1985 Super BowlXX. Of the city population, 26.2% were under the age of 18, 11.2% were from 18 to 24, 33.4% were from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% 65 years of age or older. [187] In 2007, Chicago was named the fourth-most important business center in the world in the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index. Many other architects have left their impression on the Chicago skyline such as Daniel Burnham, Louis Sullivan, Charles B. Atwood, John Root, and Helmut Jahn. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. [42] The Chicago Board of Trade (established 1848) listed the first-ever standardized "exchange-traded" forward contracts, which were called futures contracts.[43]. The vast majority of Chicago Hispanics are of Mexican descent. Chicago is also featured in a few video games, including Watch Dogs and Midtown Madness, a real-life, car-driving simulation game. An official website of the City of Chicago, Permit for Business ID and Advertising Signs, Vital Records from the Cook County Clerk's Office, AIC (Annual Inspection Certification) Inspections, Economic Disclosure, Affidavit, Online EDS, City Council Office of Financial Analysis, Community Commission for Public Safety & Accountability, U.S. Census Bureau's Statistics about Chicago, 8 major league sports teams, including two MLB teams, 20+ film and filmmaker nonprofit organizations, 307 fields for soccer, football, lacrosse and more, Chicago has the second-highest percentage of commuters riding their bikes to work, Bicycle commute times in the region average only 23 minutes, 19 miles of lakefront bicycle paths along Lake Michigan, A 40-acre bike path for BMX and trail-riding, 40 James Beard Award-winning restaurants, and host of the annual James Beard Awards, GuaranteedRate Field (FormerlyComiskeyPark)- Bridgeport. [226] Most conventions are held at McCormick Place, just south of Soldier Field. Chicago is also home to a number of national radio shows, including Beyond the Beltway with Bruce DuMont on Sunday evenings. [158], Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6million in 1950 down to under 2.7million by 2010. [141], According to the National Weather Service, Chicago's highest official temperature reading of 105F (41C) was recorded on July 24, 1934. Swedish Americans make up 0.9% of Chicago's population, and they number at 23,990. The Bears play their home games at Soldier Field. [197] For six consecutive years since 2013, Chicago was ranked the nation's top metropolitan area for corporate relocations. Today, the Chicago Park District consists of more than 570 parks with over 8,000 acres (3,200ha) of municipal parkland. ), Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Ravinia Festival, located 25 miles (40km) north of Chicago, is the summer home of the CSO, and is a favorite destination for many Chicagoans. It is the site of the creation of the first standardized futures contracts, issued by the Chicago Board of Trade, which today is part of the largest and most diverse derivatives market in the world, generating 20% of all volume in commodities and financial futures alone. Anarchist and socialist groups played prominent roles in creating very large and highly organized labor actions. As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. Of all households, 32.6% were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. [59][60], Labor conflicts followed the industrial boom and the rapid expansion of the labor pool, including the Haymarket affair on May 4, 1886, and in 1894 the Pullman Strike. [citation needed], The White Sox have played on the South Side continuously since 1901, with all three of their home fields throughout the years being within blocks of one another. Between 1910 and 1930, the African American population of Chicago increased dramatically, from 44,103 to 233,903. The Willis Tower has an observation deck open to tourists year round with high up views overlooking Chicago and Lake Michigan. [82], Mayor Richard J. Daley, a Democrat, was elected in 1955, in the era of machine politics. Computer and Internet Use. The city grew significantly in size and population by incorporating many neighboring townships between 1851 and 1920, with the largest annexation happening in 1889, with five townships joining the city, including the Hyde Park Township, which now comprises most of the South Side of Chicago and the far southeast of Chicago, and the Jefferson Township, which now makes up most of Chicago's Northwest Side. All of its major franchises have won championships within recent years the Bears (1985), the Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, and 1998), the White Sox (2005), the Cubs (2016), the Blackhawks (2010, 2013, 2015), and the Fire (1998). [321] Each of the big four U.S. television networks, CBS, ABC, NBC and Fox, directly owns and operates a high-definition television station in Chicago (WBBM 2, WLS 7, WMAQ 5 and WFLD 32, respectively). During much of the last half of the 19th century, Chicago's politics were dominated by a growing Democratic Party organization. 1,112,581. The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. 81.8%. [118], The destruction caused by the Great Chicago Fire led to the largest building boom in the history of the nation. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. [2] The city's population peaked in the 1950 Census, although two of the three most recent Censuses as of 2022 have shown moderate growth. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. The city lies within USDA plant hardiness zone 6a, transitioning to 5b in the suburbs. . "[22] Swedish influence is evident in Andersonville on the far north side. The longevity of the study, since the 1950's,helps to identify trends and track religious change. The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. In the 1800s, Chicago became the nation's railroad hub, and by 1910 over 20 railroads operated passenger service out of six different downtown terminals. During its first hundred years, Chicago was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. All other percentages (such as state-level data or data on specific demographic groups) are rounded to the nearest integer (e.g., 23%). views about homosexuality by metro area, Learn More: views about homosexuality, Should be accepted, Should be discouraged, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who same-sex marriage, Compare: The Republican political machine in Chicago was utterly destroyed by the economic crisis, and every mayor since 1931 has been a Democrat.[78]. Chicago has one of the largest LGBTQ+ populations in the United States. By 1930, two-thirds of Chicago's black population lived in sections of the city which were 90% black in racial composition. frequency of reading scripture by metro area, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say the holy scripture is, Compare: [citation needed], With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center will be housed at the University of Chicago in Hyde Park and include both the Obama presidential library and offices of the Obama Foundation. The city is the United States' third-largest convention destination. Chicago has professional sports teams in each of the major professional leagues, including two Major League Baseball teams. It also contains the University of Chicago, ranked one of the world's top ten universities,[218] and the Museum of Science and Industry. And Atlanta, the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. is home to an especially large share of members of the historically black Protestant tradition (18%). They have won three World Series titles (1906, 1917, 2005) and six American League pennants, including the first in 1901. Many of the city's politicians are descendants of this group, including previous mayor Richard M. Daley. [80], During World War II, the city of Chicago alone produced more steel than the United Kingdom every year from 1939 1945, and more than Nazi Germany from 1943 1945. Around two-thirds of the area's 8 million inhabitants are Christians, who read the Bible, according to National Conference for Community and Justice figures. The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. [87] Major construction projects, including the Sears Tower (now known as the Willis Tower, which in 1974 became the world's tallest building), University of Illinois at Chicago, McCormick Place, and O'Hare International Airport, were undertaken during Richard J. Daley's tenure. [210], Chicago's minimum wage for non-tipped employees is one of the highest in the nation and reached $15 in 2021. [162][163][164][165], Chicago has the third-largest LGBT population in the United States. Official records for Chicago were kept at various locations in downtown from January 1871 to 31 December 1925, University of Chicago from 1 January 1926 to 30 June 1942, Midway Airport from 1 July 1942 to 16 January 1980, and at O'Hare Airport since 17 January 1980. In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. Segments that link to the city center are named after influential politicians, with three of them named after former U.S.Presidents (Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Reagan) and one named after two-time Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson. [9] The construction boom accelerated population growth throughout the following decades, and by 1900, less than 30 years after the fire, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world. [citation needed], More representational and portrait statuary includes a number of works by Lorado Taft (Fountain of Time, The Crusader, Eternal Silence, and the Heald Square Monument completed by Crunelle), French's Statue of the Republic, Edward Kemys's Lions, Saint-Gaudens's Abraham Lincoln: The Man (a.k.a. The Near West Side holds the University of Illinois at Chicago and was once home to Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Studios, the site of which has been rebuilt as the global headquarters of McDonald's. The Port of Chicago consists of several major port facilities within the city of Chicago operated by the Illinois International Port District (formerly known as the Chicago Regional Port District). [349] Both O'Hare and Midway are owned and operated by the City of Chicago. Chicago's theater community spawned modern improvisational theater, and includes the prominent groups The Second City and I.O. Affordability, top notch crew and talent, and state-of-the-art facilities and vendors have made Chicago a hotbed for film and television dating back to The Blues Brother. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. In addition, Chicago is the home of satirical national news outlet, The Onion, as well as its sister pop-culture publication, The A.V. [106] The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook and DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties. [345] According to U.S. Department of Transportation, the volume of imported and exported goods transported via rail to, from, or through Chicago is forecast to increase nearly 150 percent between 2010 and 2040. ), Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. The median income for a household in the city was $38,625, and the median income for a family was $42,724. [160], The city has seen a rise in population for the 2000 census and after a decrease in 2010, it rose again for the 2020 census. Count. This series gives a picture of county-level religious affiliation nationwide. [citation needed], Chicago contains less than 25% of the state's population, but it is split between eight of Illinois' 19 districts in the United States House of Representatives. [58] The desire to join the city was driven by municipal services that the city could provide its residents. After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. [85] Structural changes in industry, such as globalization and job outsourcing, caused heavy job losses for lower-skilled workers. [137][138][139], Spring and autumn are mild, short seasons, typically with low humidity. The average land elevation is 579ft (176.5m) above sea level. Chicago is a major transportation hub in the United States. The magazine discovered such poets as Gwendolyn Brooks, James Merrill, and John Ashbery. [76], Chicago was the first American city to have a homosexual-rights organization. Jackson Park offers more than 500 acres of mature parkland along the lakefront, containing flower gardens, watercourses to wooded isles, sports facilities, stocked fish ponds, 18 miles of walking and biking pathsand it's the future site of the Barack Obama Presidential Center. [78] Chicago was also a hotbed of labor activism, with Unemployed Councils contributing heavily in the early depression to create solidarity for the poor and demand relief, these organizations were created by socialist and communist groups. [25]. The Irish were able to assert themselves in politics due to their large population but also the fact that they knew English and that thanks to the geographic position of Ireland on the periphery of Europe they did not have ancestral ethnic rivalries. 2010 U.S.Religion Census: Religious Congregations & Membership Study. [107], Major sections of the city include the central business district, called The Loop, and the North, South, and West Sides. Among denominational Protestant branches, Baptists formed the largest group in Chicago (10%); followed by Nondenominational (5%); Lutherans (4%); and Pentecostals (3%). [111], In the late-1920s, sociologists at the University of Chicago subdivided the city into 77 distinct community areas, which can further be subdivided into over 200 informally defined neighborhoods. [233], Chicago lays claim to a large number of regional specialties that reflect the city's ethnic and working-class roots. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. The demographics of Chicago is 45% white.The second largest group of people were the African Americans who made up 32.9% of the total population of Chicago. Religion Census is your source for religious data at the county level. Gordon, Matthew J. Du Sable was of African descent, perhaps born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti), and established the settlement in the 1780s. [283] This was higher than in New York City and Los Angeles, the two largest cities in the United States, which have lower murder rates and lower total homicides. Persons per household, 2017-2021. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. He is commonly known as the "Founder of Chicago". Purchase this important reference work thatincludes maps and charts. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. [284] In its annual crime statistics for 2016, the Chicago Police Department reported that the city experienced a dramatic rise in gun violence, with 4,331 shooting victims. Former CW affiliate WGN-TV 9, which was owned from its inception by Tribune Broadcasting (now owned by the Nexstar Media Group since 2019), is carried with some programming differences, as "WGN America" on cable and satellite TV nationwide and in parts of the Caribbean. In 2015, 26.5 percent of Chicago households were without a car, and increased slightly to 27.5 percent in 2016. [222] A 2007 report on the Chicago music industry by the University of Chicago Cultural Policy Center ranked Chicago third among metropolitan U.S. areas in "size of music industry" and fourth among all U.S. cities in "number of concerts and performances". The historic Chicago Cultural Center (1897), originally serving as the Chicago Public Library, now houses the city's Visitor Information Center, galleries and exhibit halls. In the 1850s, Chicago gained national political prominence as the home of Senator Stephen Douglas, the champion of the KansasNebraska Act and the "popular sovereignty" approach to the issue of the spread of slavery. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the 1833 Treaty of Chicago and sent west of the Mississippi River as part of the federal policy of Indian removal. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. [84] While home loan discriminatory redlining against blacks continued, the real estate industry practiced what became known as blockbusting, completely changing the racial composition of whole neighborhoods. In northern Illinois, ComEd (a division of Exelon) operates the greatest number of nuclear generating plants in any US state. In Chicago 48.69% of the population is White In Chicago 30.95% of the population is Black In Chicago 6.09% of the population is Asian Compare Chicago, IL Demographics vs Compare Chicago population breakdown by race In Chicago, 29.1% of people are of Hispanic or Latino origin. In 2019, the team announced a move back to Soldier Field. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. interpretation of scripture by metro area, Learn More: interpreting scripture, Word of God; should be taken literally, Word of God; not everything taken literally, Not the word of God, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who in heaven, Compare: As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. [citation needed], Chicago also hosts a nationally televised Thanksgiving parade that occurs annually. In 2018, the Chicago Department of Health, estimated 7.5% of the adult population, approximately 146,000 Chicagoans, were LGBTQ. 42.07% of Loyola Chicago students come from out of state, and 3.78% come from out of the country. The city also has one PBS member station (its second: WYCC 20, removed its affiliation with PBS in 2017[322]): WTTW 11, producer of shows such as Sneak Previews, The Frugal Gourmet, Lamb Chop's Play-Along and The McLaughlin Group. [305], In September 2016, an Illinois state appellate court found that cities do not have an obligation under the Illinois Constitution to pay certain benefits if those benefits had included an expiration date under whichever negotiated agreement they were covered. [25] According to his diary of late September 1687: when we arrived at the said place called "Chicagou" which, according to what we were able to learn of it, has taken this name because of the quantity of garlic which grows in the forests in this region. As of the 2010 Census, 578,100 residents of the City of Chicago, had full or partial Mexican origins.[7]. Below the poverty line were 19.6% of the population and 16.6% of the families. [3] By ethnicity, 28.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 71.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). [143] The lowest official temperature of 27F (33C) was recorded on January 20, 1985, at O'Hare Airport. views about same-sex marriage by metro area, Learn More: views about same-sex marriage, Strongly favor/favor, Oppose/strongly oppose, Compare: January and February are the coldest months. It reports the number of congregations in every U.S. county and equivalents for participating faith groups. The Chicago metropolitan area has the third largest African American population, behind only New York City and Atlanta. Religious composition of adults in the Chicago metro area Christian 71% Evangelical Protestant 16% Mainline Protestant 11% Historically Black Protestant 8% Catholic 34% Mormon < 1% Orthodox Christian 1% Jehovah's Witness 1% Other Christian 1% Non-Christian Faiths 7% Jewish 3% Muslim 2% Buddhist 1% Hindu 1% Other World Religions 1% Other Faiths 1% ", "Counting Bullets: A Night at a Chicago Trauma Unit", "Chicago has assembled a sorority of sister cities", "Director Emeritus James Webster Looks Backward, Forward", "International relations: special partners", "Russia Ukraine War: Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot suspends Moscow's sister city status", "Lei n 14.471, de 10 de julho de 2007 Radar Municipal", Association for Preservation Technology International, Maps of Chicago from the American Geographical Society Library, Chicago Cityscape, Chicago, Cook County, IL, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicago&oldid=1142802375, West Indian (except Hispanic groups) (10,349), Iroquois Landing Lakefront Terminal: at the mouth of the Calumet River, it includes 100 acres (0.40km, Lake Calumet terminal: located at the union of the, Grain (14million bushels) and bulk liquid (800,000 barrels) storage facilities along, The Illinois International Port district also operates, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 13:01. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United Statesabout $670.5billion according to September 2017 estimates. The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. Future expansion will extend the Riverwalk south an additional 1.8 miles from Lake Street to Ping Tom Memorial Park in Chinatown. [195] The city of Chicago also hosts 12 Fortune Global 500 companies and 17 Financial Times 500 companies. An award-winning $108 million, 1.25-mile promenade along the south bank of the Chicago River downtown. Click here to see how the data was gathered. [258] During the 1990s, with Michael Jordan leading them, the Bulls won six NBA championships in eight seasons. They have played more games and have more wins than any other team in Major League baseball since 1876. [79] The theme of the fair was technological innovation over the century since Chicago's founding. ), Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs", Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family, Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. The city responded by tunneling two miles (3.2km) out into Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs. [254] Along with Boston, Chicago is the only city to continuously host major professional sports since 1871, having only taken 1872 and 1873 off due to the Great Chicago Fire. Chicago has 28 sister cities around the world. Although their numbers dropped because of reduced emigration from Germany and because World War I had made it unpopular to acknowledge one's German heritage, 22 percent of Chicago's population still did so in 1920. Religion Male full-time workers had a median income of $47,074 versus $42,063 for females. The Illinois Constitution prohibits governments from doing anything that could cause retirement benefits for government workers to be "diminished or impaired." [citation needed]. The fountain's two towers display visual effects from LED images of Chicagoans' faces, along with water spouting from their lips. It grew rapidly in the mid-19th century;[8] by 1860, Chicago was the youngest U.S. city to exceed a population of 100,000. [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. The lake also provides another positive effect: moderating Chicago's climate, making waterfront neighborhoods slightly warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Rauch established a plan for Chicago's park system in 1866. It includes Rush University Medical Center, ranked as the second best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201416, the University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Hospital, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, one of the busiest trauma centers in the nation.[357]. Chicago had more homicides than any other city in 2015 in total but not on per capita basis, according to the Chicago Tribune. [253], Sporting News named Chicago the "Best Sports City" in the United States in 1993, 2006, and 2010.
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